University- industry relationship pattern in other countries
University-industry relationships in global scientific associations always have been paid attention as an international issue. However, since now even UNESCO (scientific, educational and cultural organization of UN) held some important congresses in this field.
In today’s societies, three institutions of university, industry and government besides maintaining their independency, they enter in each other territory in technology development process and there would be some overlapping between their duties and their missions. As a matter of fact, university, industry and government are experiencing revolution in their missions. In addition to educational and research mission of universities, they are in opening stage of their third mission as more cooperation in technology development and technological innovation. In this way new dependent enterprises and networks have been creating. With regard to capacities as producer and distributer of knowledge and also as an entrepreneur and enterprise founder, universities are playing main roles in industrial innovation and technology development.
Study and comparison in university-industry relationship procedure in world different countries, their direction, applied measures and results of this relationship for achieving a pattern or public patterns of industry-universities link have been profoundly under consideration. As an example, using other European countries experiences in university-industry management through collaboration with European universities associations, Turkey has been able to gain successful experiences in making an effective relationship. It is so requisite to mention that stating successful examples in foreign countries would not be prepared for presenting familiar pattern inside the country. But paying attention to their performance could be so useful and invaluable for programmers and industrial and educational centers executives.
Study on progress factors of industrial societies showed that existing changes are result of intuitive and creativities strengthening by collaboration and cooperation between university and industry and also with continuous supports of government. Anyway, in developed countries in which there are old universities lasted more than several centuries, there were no relationship between these two institutions. Primarily, in those countries, university was performing its tasks individually and industry was performing them separately.
Promotion programs of industry-university relationships in advanced industrial countries formed according to incorporation of criteria which often begins with industries technology development for reinforcement of industrial R&D and continue with restructuring of industries relationships with research organizations of public sector and then they focused on providing structural and organizational fields for cooperation and link of university, industry and public research institutes. Public programs also implemented for supporting a series of link mechanisms and improving in cooperation public environment in both sectors.
